Occluded Front

An Occluded Front is when a warm air mass is caught between two cold air masses. The denser cold air moves under the less dense warm air and push it upward. The two colder air masses meet in the middle and mix. This often crates rain or snow fall also.

Stationary Front

A stationary front is when a cold air and warm air mass meet but neither of them have enough force to push each other back. The two air masses meet each other in a standoff.

Warm Front

A warm front occurs when a slowly moving warm air mass collides with a slowly moving cold air mass. Since the cold is denser than the warm air, the warm air rises above the cold air. If the warm air is humid, light rain or snow falls along the front. If the warm air is dry, scattered clouds form.

Cold Front

A cold front occurs when a cold air mass runs into a slowly warm air mass. Since cold air is more dense than warm air the cold air stays close to the ground and the warm air rises above it. As the warm air rises above the cold air,the cold air stays cool and makes the temperature cold. Cold Fronts often bring cold weather such as heavy rain and snow fall.

Havana to London 25N 50N

I successfully completed this journey in two tries. I was successful because I figured out how to use the winds. The main winds I used were prevailing westerlies and horse latitude.

Lima to Cape Town 10S 30S

I completed the sailing trip from Lima to Cape Town in one try. I was successful because I used the winds to navigate me around the island I had to past in the beginning of the voyage. The rest of the way was a piece of cake. The main winds I used were trade winds and polar easterlies.

San Francisco to Sydney Australia 40N 25S

I was successful on my sailing trip from San Francisco to Sydney Australia in two attempts. I was successful because I used the winds correctly. Some of the winds that I used to be successful were trade winds, prevailing westerlies, and horse latitudes.

Atmospheric Factors Affecting Climate

Acid Rain

Rain is naturally acidic however acid rain contains more acid than normal. Acid Rain is formed when nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides combine with water in the air to form nitric acid and sulfuric acid. Acid Rain is sometimes strong enough to damage the surfaces of buildings and statues. Acid Rain also harms lakes and ponds to the point where it makes it hard for animals to survive in it or for animals to drink it.

Earth's Atmosphere

There are many reasons why Earth's atmosphere keeps Earth very different from the moon and other planets with no atmosphere. One of the reasons are that when a meteoroid strikes Earth it makes a crate. Over time that crate will disappear. This crate will disappear because every living thing on Earth is always moving or changing its chemical compound. However this isn't the case on the moon or another planet with no atmosphere. That crate would stay there till the end of time. Another reason Earth's atmosphere differs from other planets and the moon, is that the atmosphere supplies us with weather unlike the moon and other planets where there isn't any weather. On other planets the weather will stay the same. It will only change through day and night. In conclusion, if Earth's atmosphere didn't exist it would be hard to survive on Earth. There could possibly be no life without it.

The Space Program

Space Exploration

The Science of Rockets

Since the late 1950s NASA has used Atlas rockets to launch probes in to space and satellites into orbit around Earth. There are three stages and those are Atlas, Centaur, and payload. Atlas rockets are upgraded regularly over time.

The Space Program

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) was started in 1958 hoping to explore space which meant human flight. They kept trying and trying to get people into space and onto the moon. Finally in 1962 and in 1969 NASA successfully sent astronauts into orbit around Earth and there was the first man to walk on the moon (Apollo 13).

Exploring Space Today

The International Space Station (ISS) created a small robot called a " Personal Satellite Assistant. This device is powered by solar cells. The Personal Satellite Assistant can monitor temperature, pressur and air quality. This device will help keep astronauts alert of the environment around them. The robot also has a videophonethat allows astronauts to communicate with one another. The phone is also linked to mission control on Earth.

Using Space Science on Earth

Acoording to NASA less than one percent of the U.S budget is spent on the space program. Many people argue that the space program shouldn't receive any money because the money will be better spent elsewhere like education or medical research. However the space program helps us get to know about Earth better. It also supports many jobs helping the economy. The spce program helps people explore the unkown and push back boundaries.

Phases of the moon, eclipses, and tides

gizmo paragraph

Earth's rotations/revolutions have a huge effect on what season it is. For example when the northern hemisphere is getting the most sunlight, then the northern hemisphere is in summer. The southern hemisphere is getting less sunlight so they are facing winter time. When the southern hemisphere is in summer, the northern is in winter. Sometimes an equinox will occur. An equinox is when two days of the year on which neither hemisphere is tilted forward or away from the sun. In conclusion, Earth's rotations/revolutions is an important role in our life.

Eqiunox

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Zoom (Powers of 10)

Today in class we read a book called Zoom by Istvan Banyai. This book only had pictures. It would start out with an image and then it would zoom out. You would make an inference, and the next page would make you change that inference to a completely new one. This is called the power of 10. The power of 10 is when you zoom in or out to the power of 10.

Have you ever thought you were seeing something accurately but realized that, with a different perspective, you would see it differently? Yes this qestion goes through people's heads a lot. If you were looking at a self- portrait and you turned it upside down, you would see a completely different thing. If you were looking at two people having a picnic, and you keep zooming out you would eventually not be able to see the two people having a picnic.

Some scientists prefer closer looks at what their looking at. For example, a scientist that studies inside the human body is going to want a closer look. If your an astronomer you use both. You look at stars through a telescope, and you get as close as you possibly can to the stars. If you study astronomy it is important to be aware of perspective. In conclusion, perspective may help scientists study or it may make their life difficult.

The Enigma Box

Today in class we did an experiment called the Enigma Box. Enigma means "puzzle." During the experiment we were asked to make some observations. Some of my observations were that when Ms. Casey poured the water in the box, it didn't go right through the box. It took about a minute to get through the box and into the cup.I think that there is a series of tubes inside the Enigma Box.

This reminds me of my body. When you eat something it goes down your esophagus, into your stomach, through your small intestines through your large intestines, and out your rectum.(anus)

Scientists use many skills to make observations and these skills are observing, inferring, predicting, classifying, and making models. To be a successful scientists you have to be able to use these five skills. We as a class and individual had to use these skills. We had to observe how the water entered the box and how it left the box. We had to make an inference on what would happen when the water was poured into the box also.

Inside the Enigma Box wasn't really a series of tubes, but it was a tube bent into a loop.

In conclusion, the Enigma Box may seem complicated but if you use the scientific skills you can figure it out.